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Typhoid fever
Typhoid fever
Statutory notification
Typhoid fever is a notifiable infectious disease in Western Australia.
Alert
: cases must be reported urgently by telephone to the
public health units
within a few hours of first suspicion of diagnosis.
See
notifiable communicable disease case definitions (Word 1.29MB)
.
Notifications should be made using the communicable disease notification form for
metropolitan residents (PDF 209KB)
or
regional residents (PDF 208KB)
.
For notification of regional residents see contact details of
public health units
.
See also description of
statutory medical notifications in Western Australia
.
Public health management
Important information
Infectious agent
:
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhi bacteria.
Transmission
: Faecal-oral, food-borne and water-borne.
Incubation period
: From 3 to 60 days (usually 8-14 days).
Infectious period
: Most infectious while symptomatic. Patients are infectious for as long as bacteria appear in faeces, usually from the first week throughout convalescence. Both treated and untreated patients can become chronic carriers. Use contact transmission- based precautions for hospitalised and institutionalised patients.
Case exclusion
: Until asymptomatic, including normal stools, for 48 hours. If patient works in health-care, aged-care, child-care or is a food handler or attends child-care, exclude until clearance specimens have been completed. See
Typhoid and paratyphoid, CDNA National Guidelines for Public Health Units (external site)
.
Contact exclusion
: If a contact had a similar exposure to that of the case and works in health-care, aged-care, child-care or is a food handler or attends child-care, exclude until clearance specimens have been completed. See
Typhoid and paratyphoid, CDNA National Guidelines for Public Health Units (external site)
.
Treatment
: Oral rehydration and antibiotic treatment as recommended by the doctor.
Immunisation
: Vaccines are available. See recommendations in the
Australian Immunisation Handbook, Department of Health – Typhoid fever (external site)
.
Case follow-up
: Generally only clusters or outbreaks investigated, by the
public health units
with assistance from the Communicable Disease Control Directorate.
Guidelines
OD 0490/14 Public Health Follow-up of Sporadic Enteric Disease Notifications
Typhoid and paratyphoid, CDNA National Guidelines for Public Health Units (external site)
Communicable Disease Guidelines, for teachers, child care workers, local government authorities and medical practitioners
Australian Immunisation Handbook, Department of Health – Typhoid fever (external site)
Guidelines for Exclusion of People with Enteric Diseases and their Contacts
Notifiable disease data and reports
Notifiable infectious disease dashboard
General infectious disease reports
Produced by
Public Health
Related links
Typhoid and paratyphoid fever (Healthy WA)